It is said that Mark Twain once apologized for the long length of a letter to a friend. As the story goes, if he had had more time to improve the clarity of his writing, the letter would have been shorter!
The same holds true for business plans. It's not the length that matters, but the quality of the content that keeps reader attention. Straightforward, hyperbole-free prose is the way to go.
Keep in mind that there is no "one size fits all" document. The tone and contents of a business plan written for venture investors should be different than a plan written for a SBA lender or even a corporate executive who evaluates joint venture opportunities.
Business plan writers have to tailor information to the interests of the audience. Documents written for lenders should emphasize indicators of financial stability so lenders gain confidence in the business's ability to repay loans on a timely basis. In contrast, venture funds look for fast growth. Near-term cash flow is less important than revenues, profits and working toward the day the company is sold for a premium sum.
For tech-oriented business builders who prefer to write good code over a good paragraph, today entrepreneurs can get in the door of a venture fund with a well-written 5 page executive summary plus a 10 to 15 slide Power Point presentation. The full plan is often requested after the executive summary attracts funding interest.
What else are VCs looking for? DHR International's Scott Rabinowitz, who specializes in finding talent for venture fund portfolio companies says, "VCs are drawn to patterns of management accomplishment. The wrong management team can be just as costly as any product development error."
Investors know this too. In fact some investors I know just skip to a business plan's management team description. If they see one or more senior management members previously worked at a successful startup, managed a similar development project, or were top revenue producers at larger companies, then they read on. Better business plans also outline what specific management positions will be filled with new investor money.
Now, back to your question about business plan length. The average startup plan is about 20 pages; business plans for more established companies can be 30 pages or more. Still, because most investors stop reading when the first few pages are too vague or full of hype, I'd say the business plan length is less important than the quality of the executive summary. Don't bury your best business attributes on page 15 when time-strapped readers want to see it on page one.
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